July 2026 residential building permits data releasedExplore

Intel Report

Residential Building Permits

The July 2026 Census building-permit release read against what housing actually costs — nationally, by region, state, metro, county and city.

Published
August 25, 2026
Reading time
18 minutes
Written for
Builders and land teams, housing analysts, lenders and investors, planners and economic developers, and reporters covering local construction.
Coverage
July 2026 permits at every published geography — 51 states and DC, 922 metros, 3,038 counties and 12,900 cities and towns — with June 2026 Redfin county market data joined at 1,002 counties.

What this report finds

  • 128,868 unitsauthorised in July 2026, +6.1% against July 2025 but −1.3% against June 2026.
  • +14.5%for buildings of five units or more, against +2.1% for single-family. The month's growth is almost entirely apartments.
  • −1.6%on the trailing twelve months — the pipeline is down even though the single month is up. Single-family is −6.2% over that window against +8.6% for multifamily.
  • 37.4%of authorised units were not single-family, against 35.0% a year ago.
  • 177 countiesare above the national median sale price and below the national median permitting rate — expensive, and not building.

The Census Bureau authorised 128,868 new privately-owned housing units in July 2026. That is 6.1% more than July 2025 and 1.3% fewer than June 2026 — and both of those comparisons are less informative than the one the rest of this report is built on: over the twelve months ending July 2026, permitting is −1.6% against the twelve before it, with single-family −6.2% and multifamily +8.6%. The market is not slowing or accelerating so much as changing shape.

01The month in one number

128,868
Units authorised, Jul 2026

−1.3% vs Jun 2026

+6.1%
Against July 2025

121,488 units a year ago

1,413,649
Trailing 12 months

Aug 2025 – Jul 2026 · −1.6% year over year

4.14
Units per 1,000 residents

Trailing 12 months · 2025 population

84,278
Buildings, Jul 2026

+2.2% year over year

$34.2B
Reported construction value

+3.0% year over year · $265,624 per unit

A single month of building permits is the least useful number in the release. The county and place series are not seasonally adjusted, permits are lumpy at every grain below the nation — one approved apartment tower can double a county's month — and the Census Bureau revises recent months as late reports arrive. So the month is reported here, and then set aside.

1740kUnits authorised, trailing 12 months
Jul 2022Jul 2024Jul 2026
Total units authorised over the twelve months ending each month, Jul 2022 to Jul 2026. The rolling window removes the seasonality that makes the raw monthly series unreadable. Source: Census Building Permits Survey.

The rolling line is the honest picture of the pipeline, and it says the twelve months ending July 2026 produced 1,413,649 authorised units against 1,437,283 in the twelve months before — −1.6%. A reader who saw only the July 2026 headline of +6.1% would draw the opposite conclusion about direction. Both numbers are true; they answer different questions.

02Single-family and multifamily

The Census Bureau counts permits in four structure classes: one unit, two units, three and four units, and five or more. The first is the detached-and-attached owner-occupied market; the last is apartments. They are behaving very differently.

80,611
Single-family units, Jul 2026

+2.1% year over year

43,236
Units in buildings of 5+

+14.5% year over year

5,021
Units in 2–4 unit buildings

+1.7% for duplexes, +12.2% for 3–4 unit

37.4%
Share not single-family

35.0% in July 2025

400k600k800k1000k1200kSingle-family · 886k5+ units · 475kSingle-family · Jul 20221067kSingle-family · Aug 20221054kSingle-family · Sep 20221038kSingle-family · Oct 20221018kSingle-family · Nov 2022993kSingle-family · Dec 2022962kSingle-family · Jan 2023932kSingle-family · Feb 2023903kSingle-family · Mar 2023875kSingle-family · Apr 2023852kSingle-family · May 2023846kSingle-family · Jun 2023845kSingle-family · Jul 2023847kSingle-family · Aug 2023855kSingle-family · Sep 2023860kSingle-family · Oct 2023874kSingle-family · Nov 2023888kSingle-family · Dec 2023903kSingle-family · Jan 2024926kSingle-family · Feb 2024947kSingle-family · Mar 2024953kSingle-family · Apr 2024971kSingle-family · May 2024976kSingle-family · Jun 2024969kSingle-family · Jul 2024977kSingle-family · Aug 2024975kSingle-family · Sep 2024975kSingle-family · Oct 2024979kSingle-family · Nov 2024976kSingle-family · Dec 2024980kSingle-family · Jan 2025977kSingle-family · Feb 2025971kSingle-family · Mar 2025971kSingle-family · Apr 2025965kSingle-family · May 2025955kSingle-family · Jun 2025952kSingle-family · Jul 2025945kSingle-family · Aug 2025931kSingle-family · Sep 2025928kSingle-family · Oct 2025920kSingle-family · Nov 2025912kSingle-family · Dec 2025907kSingle-family · Jan 2026896kSingle-family · Feb 2026892kSingle-family · Mar 2026890kSingle-family · Apr 2026886kSingle-family · May 2026881kSingle-family · Jun 2026885kSingle-family · Jul 2026886k5+ units · Jul 2022621k5+ units · Aug 2022617k5+ units · Sep 2022629k5+ units · Oct 2022633k5+ units · Nov 2022628k5+ units · Dec 2022613k5+ units · Jan 2023612k5+ units · Feb 2023620k5+ units · Mar 2023611k5+ units · Apr 2023595k5+ units · May 2023592k5+ units · Jun 2023571k5+ units · Jul 2023553k5+ units · Aug 2023548k5+ units · Sep 2023529k5+ units · Oct 2023520k5+ units · Nov 2023512k5+ units · Dec 2023498k5+ units · Jan 2024489k5+ units · Feb 2024476k5+ units · Mar 2024463k5+ units · Apr 2024459k5+ units · May 2024446k5+ units · Jun 2024444k5+ units · Jul 2024443k5+ units · Aug 2024436k5+ units · Sep 2024432k5+ units · Oct 2024427k5+ units · Nov 2024428k5+ units · Dec 2024432k5+ units · Jan 2025431k5+ units · Feb 2025424k5+ units · Mar 2025424k5+ units · Apr 2025426k5+ units · May 2025429k5+ units · Jun 2025435k5+ units · Jul 2025437k5+ units · Aug 2025434k5+ units · Sep 2025442k5+ units · Oct 2025449k5+ units · Nov 2025444k5+ units · Dec 2025454k5+ units · Jan 2026454k5+ units · Feb 2026466k5+ units · Mar 2026467k5+ units · Apr 2026471k5+ units · May 2026472k5+ units · Jun 2026469k5+ units · Jul 2026475kJul 2022Jul 2024Jul 2026
Units authorised over the trailing twelve months, by structure class. Source: Census Building Permits Survey.

Over the trailing year single-family permitting is −6.2% and multifamily is +8.6%. That divergence is the single most important fact in this release. It means the units being added are smaller, denser and overwhelmingly rental — a different product answering a different constraint than the one the single-family series measures. It also means a national “housing starts are up” headline and a local builder's experience of a soft market can both be accurate at once.

Note. The Census Bureau publishes construction valuation for the permit programme as a whole, not split by structure class, so this report gives value per unit only in aggregate: $265,624 in Jul 2026 against $273,549 a year earlier. Because the mix is shifting toward smaller units, a falling value per unit is partly a mix effect and not only a cost signal.

03Regions and divisions

#RegionJul 2026vs year agoTrailing 12mo12mo y/yPer 1,000Not 1-unit
1South67,902+2.6%736,238−6.0%5.5029.2%
2West26,781+9.6%325,021+4.2%4.0643.4%
3Midwest21,183+6.0%210,961−1.0%3.0240.3%
4Northeast13,002+19.6%141,429+9.6%2.4460.9%
The four Census regions, July 2026. "Per 1,000" is trailing-twelve-month units against 2025 population. Source: Census Building Permits Survey; Census Population Estimates.

South authorised 67,902 units in Jul 2026, more than any other region, and 736,238 over the trailing year. But volume and momentum are not the same thing: the fastest year-over-year growth belongs to Northeast at +19.6%, on a base roughly 5 times smaller. The regional multifamily shares are the tell — Northeast put 60.9% of its trailing-year units in buildings of more than one unit, against 29.2% in the South.

#DivisionStatesJul 2026vs year agoTrailing 12moPer 1,000Not 1-unit
1South Atlantic938,924+8.1%412,9155.8830.0%
2West South Central421,632−4.6%238,3045.4729.5%
3Pacific513,477+12.4%170,4253.1750.4%
4Mountain813,304+6.8%154,5965.8735.7%
5East North Central511,666−9.8%126,8692.6639.5%
6Middle Atlantic39,286+24.1%105,2222.4763.4%
7East South Central47,346−2.2%85,0194.2424.5%
8West North Central79,517+34.9%84,0923.8141.6%
9New England63,716+9.6%36,2072.3553.5%
All nine Census divisions, ranked by trailing-twelve-month volume. Source: Census Building Permits Survey; Census Population Estimates.

04All 51 states and DC

Change in permitting, trailing twelve months

Alabama+10.6%Alaska−8.8%Arizona−14.8%Arkansas+4.0%California+12.9%Colorado+6.8%Connecticut−3.7%Delaware−0.5%District of Columbia+37.1%Florida−8.8%Georgia−2.8%Hawaii−8.4%Idaho−2.3%Illinois−10.0%Indiana−8.9%Iowa−3.6%Kansas+24.6%Kentucky−6.3%Louisiana+3.1%Maine+6.6%Maryland−12.0%Massachusetts+7.8%Michigan−0.4%Minnesota+5.7%Mississippi+12.7%Missouri−1.3%Montana+22.0%Nebraska−7.3%Nevada−14.7%New Hampshire+14.6%New Jersey−8.3%New Mexico−9.3%New York+35.4%North Carolina−2.2%North Dakota−3.9%Ohio−1.3%Oklahoma+4.0%Oregon+15.0%Pennsylvania+0.8%Rhode Island+46.8%South Carolina+1.0%South Dakota−3.4%Tennessee−6.8%Texas−13.4%Utah+11.3%Vermont+5.3%Virginia+5.7%Washington+13.3%West Virginia0.0%Wisconsin+5.5%Wyoming−1.4%
−14.8% – −8.8%−8.8% – −3.4%−3.4% – 0.0%0.0% – +5.7%+5.7% – +12.9%+12.9% – +46.8%
Trailing-twelve-month units ending Jul 2026 against the twelve months before. Source: Census Building Permits Survey.
  • Rhode Island+46.8%
  • District of Columbia+37.1%
  • New York+35.4%
  • Kansas+24.6%
  • Montana+22.0%
  • Oregon+15.0%
  • New Hampshire+14.6%
  • Washington+13.3%
  • California+12.9%
  • Mississippi+12.7%
Fastest-growing states, trailing twelve months
  • Arizona−14.8%
  • Nevada−14.7%
  • Texas−13.4%
  • Maryland−12.0%
  • Illinois−10.0%
  • New Mexico−9.3%
  • Indiana−8.9%
  • Florida−8.8%
  • Alaska−8.8%
  • Hawaii−8.4%
Steepest declines, trailing twelve months

The spread between Rhode Island at +46.8% and Arizona at −14.8% is the range a national average conceals. On a per-resident basis the ranking reorders again: Idaho authorised 8.86 units per 1,000 residents over the trailing year, roughly 2 times the national rate of 4.14, while Alaska managed 1.15.

#StateJul 2026vs prior movs year agoTrailing 12mo12mo y/yPer 1,000Not 1-unit
1Texas (TX)18,391+11.1%−4.5%193,634−13.4%6.1129.9%
2Florida (FL)16,024+17.6%+9.3%157,984−8.8%6.7331.7%
3California (CA)8,285−17.3%+11.0%110,772+12.9%2.8149.6%
4North Carolina (NC)7,727−7.9%+8.0%86,578−2.2%7.7329.5%
5Georgia (GA)5,473−5.4%−1.4%60,146−2.8%5.3229.3%
6New York (NY)4,556+3.7%+57.6%47,895+35.4%2.3978.6%
7South Carolina (SC)4,436−4.9%+17.7%46,376+1.0%8.3314.9%
8Arizona (AZ)3,392−29.9%−25.0%45,514−14.8%5.9731.6%
9Tennessee (TN)4,028+17.4%−2.5%41,652−6.8%5.6926.0%
10Washington (WA)3,694+4.4%+37.9%39,766+13.3%4.9756.4%
11Virginia (VA)3,228−7.0%+25.3%35,871+5.7%4.0443.0%
12Colorado (CO)2,740+15.4%+23.5%34,023+6.8%5.6648.9%
13Ohio (OH)3,198+33.0%+15.2%32,124−1.3%2.7045.5%
14New Jersey (NJ)2,211−20.9%−16.2%31,859−8.3%3.3457.7%
15Indiana (IN)2,354−2.0%−12.5%27,651−8.9%3.9727.7%
16Utah (UT)2,633+40.2%+44.5%26,587+11.3%7.5138.5%
17Wisconsin (WI)2,634+9.8%−13.9%25,487+5.5%4.2748.0%
18Pennsylvania (PA)2,519−1.0%+28.8%25,468+0.8%1.9542.0%
19Michigan (MI)2,026−10.0%−11.4%22,926−0.4%2.2633.5%
20Minnesota (MN)2,645+8.8%+25.8%22,469+5.7%3.8542.3%
21Alabama (AL)1,560−15.2%+3.9%21,040+10.6%4.0518.8%
22Illinois (IL)1,454−1.2%−31.7%18,681−10.0%1.4742.2%
23Missouri (MO)1,528−26.0%+27.9%18,008−1.3%2.8733.9%
24Idaho (ID)1,959+18.0%+32.9%17,991−2.3%8.8621.4%
25Oregon (OR)1,102−37.4%−25.2%15,628+15.0%3.6642.3%
26Arkansas (AR)976−15.1%−18.9%15,516+4.0%4.9836.9%
27Nevada (NV)1,098−37.9%−11.5%15,176−14.7%4.6234.0%
28Oklahoma (OK)1,295−15.2%+14.1%14,776+4.0%3.5827.3%
29Louisiana (LA)970−20.6%−10.4%14,378+3.1%3.1118.8%
30Kentucky (KY)1,101+3.3%−10.7%13,657−6.3%2.9638.0%
31Massachusetts (MA)1,454−39.7%+32.9%13,482+7.8%1.8861.4%
32Maryland (MD)1,039+1.1%−11.4%13,335−12.0%2.1336.0%
33Iowa (IA)1,512+7.2%+55.4%13,042−3.6%4.0343.3%
34Kansas (KS)1,209+9.0%+34.3%12,026+24.6%4.0447.1%
35Nebraska (NE)1,544+37.1%+46.9%10,400−7.3%5.1544.6%
36Mississippi (MS)657−5.1%+1.5%8,670+12.7%2.939.7%
37New Mexico (NM)710+8.9%+18.1%7,556−9.3%3.5519.6%
38Maine (ME)1,023+43.3%+77.6%6,817+6.6%4.8234.7%
39Connecticut (CT)409−52.1%−57.8%6,478−3.7%1.7668.1%
40Delaware (DE)607−9.0%+1.0%6,375−0.5%6.0116.5%
41South Dakota (SD)808−7.7%+52.7%5,905−3.4%6.3145.6%
42Montana (MT)606+71.2%+59.5%5,761+22.0%5.0353.7%
43New Hampshire (NH)472−30.2%+15.4%5,062+14.6%3.5837.8%
44West Virginia (WV)354+2.6%−17.1%4,0150.0%2.2711.9%
45Hawaii (HI)318+3.9%+3.6%3,412−8.4%2.3840.5%
46Vermont (VT)138−22.9%−28.9%2,283+5.3%3.5446.8%
47North Dakota (ND)271−7.8%−10.6%2,242−3.9%2.8031.3%
48District of Columbia (DC)36−94.4%−56.1%2,235+37.1%3.2289.4%
49Rhode Island (RI)220+15.2%+49.7%2,085+46.8%1.8763.5%
50Wyoming (WY)166−9.8%−15.7%1,988−1.4%3.3823.4%
51Alaska (AK)78+6.8%+11.4%847−8.8%1.1546.6%
Every state and the District of Columbia, ranked by trailing-twelve-month units. Sortable — click any column. Source: Census Building Permits Survey; Census Population Estimates (2025).

Note. Multifamily share varies more across states than total volume does: District of Columbia is at 89.4% of trailing-year units in buildings of more than one unit, against 9.7% in Mississippi. Comparing two states' permit totals without reading their mix compares two different products.

05Metropolitan areas

The Census Bureau began publishing metropolitan-area permit files in January 2024, so the metro history here runs 29 months, from Mar 2024 to Jul 2026 — shorter than the 60 months available for states and counties. Every metro figure below respects that shorter window.

#Metro areaJul 2026Trailing 12mo12mo y/yPer 1,000Not 1-unit
1Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington TX5,10261,275−11.9%7.2338.5%
2Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands TX5,77359,214−13.0%7.4924.6%
3New York-Newark-Jersey City NY-NJ4,93957,375+19.4%2.8581.3%
4Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler AZ2,40135,159−13.5%6.7235.9%
5Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim CA2,77634,696+30.6%2.7063.4%
6Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell GA2,87033,511−5.5%5.1735.9%
7Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos TX2,60523,056−25.3%8.8036.6%
8Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater FL2,47322,392+14.5%6.5539.0%
9Washington-Arlington-Alexandria DC-VA-MD-WV1,84421,779+18.8%3.3755.5%
10Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford FL2,00821,166−22.1%7.1642.2%
11Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue WA1,70220,712+35.8%4.9870.6%
12Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia NC-SC1,28919,485−19.3%6.6332.7%
13Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach FL2,73218,973−7.4%2.9769.3%
14Raleigh-Cary NC1,53818,703+0.7%11.7236.7%
15Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin TN1,47216,883−14.6%7.6826.9%
16North Port-Bradenton-Sarasota FL1,03916,522+11.1%17.4327.7%
17Denver-Aurora-Centennial CO1,49016,055+2.4%5.1954.4%
18Chicago-Naperville-Elgin IL-IN1,19214,801−18.6%1.5735.7%
19Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington MN-WI1,77614,757−0.6%3.8940.8%
20Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington PA-NJ-DE-MD1,05514,154+5.1%2.2448.1%
21Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario CA90313,739−8.8%2.8833.9%
22Columbus OH1,69613,145−16.8%5.8656.6%
23Indianapolis-Carmel-Greenwood IN1,17612,831−0.5%5.8229.0%
24Jacksonville FL84411,930−13.4%6.6821.8%
25Cape Coral-Fort Myers FL1,13811,055−29.6%12.6326.9%
26Las Vegas-Henderson-North Las Vegas NV74011,004−14.1%4.5730.7%
27Boston-Cambridge-Newton MA-NH1,31310,850+14.4%2.1663.6%
28Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom CA71410,438+1.1%4.2129.3%
29San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad CA56010,414−19.2%3.1768.8%
30Kansas City MO-KS85510,133+3.1%4.4646.1%
31San Antonio-New Braunfels TX1,1139,981−24.1%3.5514.7%
32Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers AR5269,447+10.5%15.1843.0%
33Boise City ID1,0809,409−2.1%10.8915.0%
34Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro OR-WA8219,081−0.3%3.5737.2%
35Richmond VA7058,733−9.6%6.2952.4%
36Cincinnati OH-KY-IN5478,688+26.8%3.7648.7%
37Wilmington NC9558,489+1.5%17.2322.0%
38Greenville-Anderson-Greer SC1,0588,457−6.3%8.3413.4%
39Detroit-Warren-Dearborn MI6558,322−5.4%1.9044.0%
40San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont CA1,0418,172+29.0%1.7665.2%
The 40 largest metropolitan areas by trailing-twelve-month units, of 922 published. Source: Census Building Permits Survey.
  • Corvallis OR+354.1%
  • Branson MO+308.5%
  • Kalispell MT+284.0%
  • Syracuse NY+195.0%
  • Santa Cruz CA+194.8%
  • Champaign IL+175.9%
  • Santa Maria CA+152.2%
  • Abilene TX+128.1%
  • San Jose CA+122.0%
  • Mankato MN+110.0%
  • Reading PA+100.3%
  • Rochester MN+89.6%
Fastest-growing metros (500+ trailing-year units)
  • Lake Havasu City AZ−61.3%
  • Barnstable Town MA−51.1%
  • Lafayette IN−49.7%
  • Elizabethtown KY−48.0%
  • Bloomington IN−45.8%
  • Midland TX−45.1%
  • Fayetteville NC−39.5%
  • Vallejo CA−39.1%
  • Trenton NJ−37.7%
  • Lancaster PA−37.4%
  • Johnson City TN−35.9%
  • Kahului HI−35.7%
Steepest metro declines (500+ trailing-year units)
#Metro areaPer 1,000Trailing 12moPopulationNot 1-unit
1Wildwood-The Villages FL23.273,671157,7729.2%
2North Port-Bradenton-Sarasota FL17.4316,522948,15827.7%
3Wilmington NC17.238,489492,77222.0%
4Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers AR15.189,447622,17743.0%
5Punta Gorda FL14.793,212217,21211.8%
6Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach SC14.786,318427,5511.2%
7St. George UT13.892,968213,67019.6%
8Anderson Creek NC13.742,063150,1370.6%
9Sevierville TN13.581,376101,34235.9%
10Seaford DE12.903,574277,14010.3%
11Ocala FL12.755,645442,6603.0%
12Cape Coral-Fort Myers FL12.6311,055875,60726.9%
13Daphne-Fairhope-Foley AL12.463,337267,7616.1%
14College Station-Bryan TX11.843,405287,47650.2%
15Raleigh-Cary NC11.7218,7031,595,72036.7%
16Auburn-Opelika AL11.582,408208,01318.9%
17Savannah GA11.505,042438,31454.4%
18Homosassa Springs FL11.321,943171,6661.0%
19Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin FL11.063,485315,09814.3%
20Asheville NC11.054,667422,34562.1%
21Bozeman MT11.021,419128,74048.1%
22Spartanburg SC10.944,459407,6563.1%
23Boise City ID10.899,409864,24315.0%
24Bend OR10.792,874266,37644.6%
25Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Port Royal SC10.732,608242,9669.9%
Metros permitting the most per resident, among those above 100,000 population. Source: Census Building Permits Survey; Census Population Estimates (2025).

06Counties

Los Angeles County, CA28,583 units · 2.95 per 1,000Harris County, TX28,331 units · 5.62 per 1,000Maricopa County, AZ27,595 units · 5.88 per 1,000Collin County, TX16,561 units · 12.77 per 1,000Tarrant County, TX15,480 units · 6.88 per 1,000Wake County, NC14,808 units · 11.78 per 1,000Travis County, TX11,766 units · 8.47 per 1,000Montgomery County, TX11,744 units · 15.03 per 1,000Fort Bend County, TX11,420 units · 11.71 per 1,000King County, WA11,349 units · 4.84 per 1,000Manatee County, FL11,093 units · 23.69 per 1,000Lee County, FL11,055 units · 12.63 per 1,000Clark County, NV11,004 units · 4.57 per 1,000Miami-Dade County, FL10,909 units · 3.89 per 1,000Dallas County, TX10,803 units · 4.06 per 1,000San Diego County, CA10,414 units · 3.17 per 1,000Fulton County, GA9,652 units · 8.78 per 1,000Denton County, TX9,330 units · 8.72 per 1,000Orange County, FL8,979 units · 5.88 per 1,000Kings County, NY8,821 units · 3.32 per 1,000Franklin County, OH8,718 units · 6.40 per 1,000Bronx County, NY8,702 units · 6.19 per 1,000Pasco County, FL8,349 units · 12.38 per 1,000Hillsborough County, FL8,217 units · 5.22 per 1,000Riverside County, CA7,701 units · 3.03 per 1,000Pinal County, AZ7,564 units · 14.02 per 1,000Santa Clara County, CA7,495 units · 3.92 per 1,000Queens County, NY7,265 units · 3.08 per 1,000Salt Lake County, UT7,109 units · 5.82 per 1,000Polk County, FL6,862 units · 7.84 per 1,000Denver County, CO6,640 units · 8.97 per 1,000Hidalgo County, TX6,573 units · 7.13 per 1,000Utah County, UT6,536 units · 8.60 per 1,000Oklahoma County, OK6,406 units · 7.79 per 1,000Sacramento County, CA6,322 units · 3.91 per 1,000Horry County, SC6,318 units · 14.78 per 1,000Dane County, WI6,275 units · 10.63 per 1,000Orange County, CA6,113 units · 1.94 per 1,000Duval County, FL6,083 units · 5.72 per 1,000San Bernardino County, CA6,038 units · 2.71 per 1,000
The largest permitting counties by trailing-twelve-month units. Dot area is proportional to volume. Source: Census Building Permits Survey.
#CountyJul 2026Trailing 12mo12mo y/yPer 1,000Not 1-unit
1Los Angeles County, CA2,30228,583+45.9%2.9565.5%
2Harris County, TX2,94928,331−10.0%5.6241.7%
3Maricopa County, AZ1,72727,595−13.5%5.8842.8%
4Collin County, TX90816,561−12.8%12.7739.8%
5Tarrant County, TX1,63315,480−4.9%6.8844.5%
6Wake County, NC1,25414,808−1.3%11.7843.9%
7Travis County, TX1,73211,766−28.5%8.4756.0%
8Montgomery County, TX1,27311,744−16.9%15.037.0%
9Fort Bend County, TX80711,420−7.5%11.7116.6%
10King County, WA1,10411,349+39.3%4.8478.7%
11Manatee County, FL48911,093+41.5%23.6930.1%
12Lee County, FL1,13811,055−29.6%12.6326.9%
13Clark County, NV74011,004−14.1%4.5730.7%
14Miami-Dade County, FL1,51410,909−20.4%3.8981.3%
15Dallas County, TX1,09110,803−17.6%4.0656.9%
16San Diego County, CA56010,414−19.2%3.1768.8%
17Fulton County, GA8009,652−5.3%8.7878.0%
18Denton County, TX6419,330−13.1%8.7232.4%
19Orange County, FL6108,979−17.4%5.8858.8%
20Kings County, NY6138,821+39.8%3.3299.7%
21Franklin County, OH1,1258,718−13.5%6.4078.3%
22Bronx County, NY6248,702+33.2%6.1999.9%
23Pasco County, FL7848,349+9.8%12.3823.9%
24Hillsborough County, FL7718,217+15.3%5.2250.2%
25Riverside County, CA5887,701−12.7%3.0324.6%
26Pinal County, AZ6747,564−13.5%14.0210.9%
27Santa Clara County, CA2497,495+130.4%3.9275.5%
28Queens County, NY1,5407,265+144.9%3.0899.2%
29Salt Lake County, UT1,1037,109+24.3%5.8262.5%
30Polk County, FL6576,862−26.8%7.845.6%
31Denver County, CO8016,640+101.5%8.9785.8%
32Hidalgo County, TX5066,573−11.2%7.1330.6%
33Utah County, UT3416,536−1.7%8.6025.1%
34Oklahoma County, OK5436,406+5.4%7.7925.7%
35Sacramento County, CA4436,322+2.2%3.9132.8%
36Horry County, SC5626,318−9.8%14.781.2%
37Dane County, WI5936,275+19.1%10.6377.9%
38Orange County, CA4746,113−12.3%1.9453.4%
39Duval County, FL3536,083+5.5%5.7237.0%
40San Bernardino County, CA3156,038−3.2%2.7145.7%
The 40 largest permitting counties, of 3,038 with published rows. Source: Census Building Permits Survey.
#CountyPer 1,000Trailing 12moPopulation
1Jasper County, SC43.261,66738,533
2Brunswick County, NC28.775,026174,702
3Wasatch County, UT27.161,04638,514
4Dawson County, GA26.2492835,365
5Manatee County, FL23.6911,093468,200
6Walton County, FL23.682,20993,288
7Sumter County, FL23.273,671157,772
8Taney County, MO21.001,19757,001
9Flagler County, FL18.522,600140,360
10Jefferson County, WV18.081,14163,102
11Bryan County, GA17.9693552,062
12Jackson County, GA17.821,76999,265
13Benton County, AR17.425,792332,554
14San Jacinto County, TX16.9650029,488
15Bastrop County, TX16.261,934118,908
16Barrow County, GA15.801,57699,773
17Pender County, NC15.381,10972,111
18Montgomery County, TX15.0311,744781,194
19Hays County, TX14.954,551304,390
20Charlotte County, FL14.793,212217,212
21Horry County, SC14.786,318427,551
22Hamilton County, IN14.505,612387,036
23Madison County, ID14.3979455,172
24Douglas County, WA14.0765446,473
25Pinal County, AZ14.027,564539,380
Counties permitting the most per resident, among those above 25,000 population. Source: Census Building Permits Survey; Census Population Estimates (2025).

Jasper County, SC authorised 43.26 units per 1,000 residents over the trailing year — about 10 times the national rate. Boards like this one are dominated by exurban counties on the edge of a growing metro, where a low population denominator meets an active land market. That is a real signal about where units are going, not an artefact — but it is a rate, and Los Angeles County, CA still authorised more units outright than any of them.

07Cities and towns

Note. The Census place files carry a row for each county's unincorporated remainder as well as for each incorporated municipality. Those “balance of county” rows are roughly a third of all place-level units and they would top any raw ranking, under a blank name. Every city figure in this report is index-joined against the published place list, so only real municipalities appear — 12,900 of them.

#City or townJul 2026Trailing 12moPer 1,000Population
1New York, NY2,91128,5203.468,253,213
2Los Angeles, CA1,39717,7444.473,970,219
3Fort Worth, TX1,39911,41712.44918,105
4Houston, TX1,29611,1124.902,268,194
5Phoenix, AZ5359,7075.681,708,127
6Austin, TX1,3277,3327.82937,492
7Columbus, OH1,0096,8487.74884,356
8Denver, CO8016,6409.03735,538
9Dallas, TX4626,0394.801,258,858
10San Diego, CA2276,0104.231,422,420
11Atlanta, GA6435,97512.68471,266
12Jacksonville-Duval County, FL3415,9696.48920,570
13Raleigh, NC4225,27211.14473,139
14Oklahoma City, OK3915,17110.96471,671
15Nashville-Davidson, TN5245,0057.46671,295
16San Jose, CA644,8914.831,013,616
17Seattle, WA3274,8276.27769,714
18Miami, FL9984,7049.98471,525
19Philadelphia, PA4374,5152.861,578,487
20San Antonio, TX3494,2952.741,567,087
21Durham, NC4034,00114.00285,809
22Omaha, NE8563,7537.85478,393
23Frisco, TX693,40526.40128,993
24Celina, TX2483,286164.2620,005
25Madison, WI3863,11111.82263,094
26McKinney, TX1033,06514.72208,272
27Las Vegas, NV1693,0424.59662,368
28Salt Lake City, UT5492,95514.48204,087
29Tampa, FL2942,8887.09407,599
30St. Petersburg, FL6422,84110.61267,802
31Richmond, VA2632,71411.69232,226
32Jersey City, NJ2432,65710.12262,664
33Columbia, SC562,62619.97131,530
34Buckeye, AZ2072,56230.0685,224
35Newark, NJ522,5328.96282,520
36Chicago, IL1262,5310.952,677,643
37Port St. Lucie, FL3002,51712.00209,715
38Denton, TX922,51217.03147,515
39Palm Bay, FL2242,45120.96116,932
40Surprise, AZ2262,42816.41147,965
The 40 largest permitting municipalities by trailing-twelve-month units. Population is the figure reported on the permit record itself. Source: Census Building Permits Survey.
#City or townPer 1,000Trailing 12moPopulation
1Haines City, FL53.841,49027,674
2Westfield, IN46.742,15746,145
3Bentonville, AR36.122,07857,537
4Garner, NC35.991,15832,180
5Saratoga Springs, UT35.601,26435,501
6Leland, NC35.4090825,647
7Washington, UT34.501,10231,939
8Queen Creek, AZ32.451,58248,757
9North Port, FL32.102,36773,738
10Opelika, AL31.5798331,135
11Apache Junction, AZ30.821,33743,386
12Morrisville, NC30.7393730,495
13Kalispell, MT30.3676925,329
14Buckeye, AZ30.062,56285,224
15Waukee, IA29.3576826,166
16Pooler, GA28.9875426,022
17Farmington, UT28.7573025,387
18Monroe, NC28.201,00635,668
19Frisco, TX26.403,405128,993
20Lebanon, TN26.311,00238,086
21Fayetteville, AR26.122,34089,576
22Noblesville, IN25.991,71165,835
23Apex, NC25.321,63064,388
24Rosemount, MN25.3165325,798
25Caldwell, ID24.181,46760,674
The boomtown board: municipalities above 25,000 residents permitting the most per capita. Source: Census Building Permits Survey.

Haines City, FL authorised 53.84 units per 1,000 residents over the trailing year. At that rate a city adds housing for roughly 5% of its existing population in a single year. This board, more than any other in the report, is where the next decade's suburbs are visible before they are built.

08What housing costs

Permits describe supply that has been authorised but not yet delivered. To read them you need the market that supply will arrive into. The figures below are Redfin's county market data for June 2026 — one release behind the permit data, which is why every supply-against-price comparison in this report is struck at June 2026, the most recent month both series publish.

384,932
Homes sold, Jun 2026

+9.0% year over year

472,284
New listings

Across 3,026 counties

1,258,328
Homes for sale

−0.4% year over year

25.9%
Sold above list price

26.0% a year ago

1555 of 2515
Counties where price rose

61.8% of counties with a published median

$337,969
Median county sale price

Across the 1,002 counties in the join

Note. These national and state figures are sums of flows and a sales-weighted share, never a pooled median. A median of county medians is not a median, so this report never publishes one: price levels appear only at county grain, where Redfin actually measures them, while sales, listings, inventory and the share-sold-above-list pool legitimately. Where a county-month has too few sales to support a median, the cell is absent rather than zero.

#CountySoldMedian pricePrice y/yPer sq ftDays on mktMonths supplyPermits 12mo
1Maricopa County, AZ5,930$483,636+0.8%$264613.527,595
2Cook County, IL5,809$398,875+6.4%$263472.54,389
3Los Angeles County, CA4,805$947,327−0.2%$607443.828,583
4Harris County, TX4,559$329,072−1.8%$158414.028,331
5Clark County, NV2,994$453,720+0.8%$253563.711,004
6Palm Beach County, FL2,553$548,453+8.6%$307814.95,683
7Broward County, FL2,503$477,652−2.2%$312826.22,381
8Riverside County, CA2,486$608,229−1.1%$319493.37,701
9San Diego County, CA2,396$952,313+3.9%$585272.510,414
10King County, WA2,370$897,468−1.9%$511132.811,349
11Miami-Dade County, FL2,303$576,224+0.2%$394916.910,909
12Tarrant County, TX2,266$358,977+1.8%$184383.115,480
13Bexar County, TX2,116$309,128+2.0%$157605.15,246
14Orange County, CA2,111$1,271,413+2.5%$685402.86,113
15Lee County, FL2,036$360,982−1.4%$213724.811,055
16Hennepin County, MN1,999$423,804+1.9%$220191.83,648
17Hillsborough County, FL1,975$418,818+3.4%$229353.28,217
18Wake County, NC1,940$493,607−1.3%$224312.614,808
19Dallas County, TX1,916$373,945−2.9%$199414.210,803
20Oakland County, MI1,816$389,401+3.4%$207181.92,231
21Collin County, TX1,807$473,664−1.6%$198514.016,561
22Middlesex County, MA1,791$861,569−1.0%$453201.72,698
23Wayne County, MI1,760$229,353+6.7%$153213.03,150
24Orange County, FL1,716$448,734+2.7%$241383.38,979
25Franklin County, OH1,690$339,043−0.3%$203372.58,718
26Pinellas County, FL1,687$413,832+3.5%$294434.03,896
27San Bernardino County, CA1,626$548,453−0.3%$332494.16,038
28Mecklenburg County, NC1,593$468,578+0.8%$243483.75,025
29Denton County, TX1,582$428,790−4.7%$199453.99,330
30Cuyahoga County, OH1,563$249,297+5.2%$166202.11,935
The 30 busiest county housing markets by homes sold in June 2026, with their trailing-twelve-month permit totals. Data provided by Redfin, a national real estate brokerage.

09Where building answers price

Plot every county with both a published sale price and a meaningful permit record and the question becomes visual: does the expensive half of the country build more than the affordable half? The lines cross at the medians of this set — $337,969 and 3.31 units per 1,000 residents.

0.010.020.030.0$0k$500k$1000k$1500k$2000kExpensive, buildingExpensive, not buildingAffordable, not buildingAffordable, building060730605936047060853606106001360590601336119060754833906081040211208112083060834505118057050073702147187051430608737101060415101349053410170108137019Los Angeles County, CA$947k, 3.0Cook County, IL$399k, 0.8Harris County, TX$329k, 5.6Maricopa County, AZ$484k, 5.9San Diego County, CA$952k, 3.2Orange County, CA$1271k, 1.9Miami-Dade County, FL$576k, 3.9Dallas County, TX$374k, 4.1Kings County, NY$1097k, 3.3Riverside County, CA$608k, 3.0Clark County, NV$454k, 4.6Queens County, NY$758k, 3.1King County, WA$897k, 4.8Tarrant County, TX$359k, 6.9San Bernardino County, CA$548k, 2.7Bexar County, TX$309k, 2.4Broward County, FL$478k, 1.2Santa Clara County, CA$1645k, 3.9Wayne County, MI$229k, 1.8Middlesex County, MA$862k, 1.6New York County, NY$1371k, 1.8Alameda County, CA$1127k, 2.1Sacramento County, CA$553k, 3.9Palm Beach County, FL$548k, 3.6Philadelphia County, PA$314k, 2.9Hillsborough County, FL$419k, 5.2Suffolk County, NY$718k, 0.7Orange County, FL$449k, 5.9Bronx County, NY$613k, 6.2Nassau County, NY$848k, 0.7Travis County, TX$543k, 8.5Franklin County, OH$339k, 6.4Collin County, TX$474k, 12.8Oakland County, MI$389k, 1.7Hennepin County, MN$424k, 2.8Wake County, NC$494k, 11.8Mecklenburg County, NC$469k, 4.1Cuyahoga County, OH$249k, 1.6Allegheny County, PA$299k, 2.5Salt Lake County, UT$573k, 5.8Contra Costa County, CA$843k, 1.2Fairfax County, VA$813k, 2.8Fulton County, GA$493k, 8.8Pima County, AZ$369k, 4.5Montgomery County, MD$678k, 2.4Denton County, TX$429k, 8.7Duval County, FL$327k, 5.7Fresno County, CA$420k, 2.5Gwinnett County, GA$419k, 3.4Westchester County, NY$937k, 1.3Marion County, IN$259k, 1.5St. Louis County, MO$329k, 1.0Honolulu County, HI$747k, 1.6Bergen County, NJ$873k, 4.0Fort Bend County, TX$417k, 11.7Prince George County, MD$459k, 1.9Pinellas County, FL$414k, 4.1Erie County, NY$309k, 1.2Pierce County, WA$598k, 6.2DuPage County, IL$478k, 1.1Kern County, CA$399k, 3.3Milwaukee County, WI$306k, 0.8Hidalgo County, TX$254k, 7.1Shelby County, TN$297k, 1.8Essex County, NJ$786k, 5.3Worcester County, MA$514k, 2.0Macomb County, MI$276k, 2.1Middlesex County, NJ$598k, 1.6El Paso County, TX$279k, 2.4Montgomery County, PA$514k, 2.3Lee County, FL$361k, 12.6Polk County, FL$314k, 7.8Snohomish County, WA$729k, 4.1Baltimore County, MD$404k, 1.9Hamilton County, OH$298k, 2.0Ventura County, CA$872k, 1.8Essex County, MA$747k, 1.3San Francisco County, CA$1695k, 2.0San Joaquin County, CA$548k, 2.9Oklahoma County, OK$269k, 7.8Multnomah County, OR$525k, 2.5Jefferson County, KY$286k, 3.4Cobb County, GA$449k, 2.6Suffolk County, MA$848k, 3.0Montgomery County, TX$349k, 15.0DeKalb County, GA$379k, 1.4Utah County, UT$533k, 8.6El Paso County, CO$477k, 7.1Williamson County, TX$424k, 5.8Monroe County, NY$299k, 1.2Davidson County, TN$491k, 6.8San Mateo County, CA$1795k, 2.2Denver County, CO$624k, 9.0Norfolk County, MA$783k, 2.1Hudson County, NJ$736k, 5.6Jackson County, MO$288k, 4.4Lake County, IL$444k, 1.4Will County, IL$399k, 2.5Tulsa County, OK$299k, 4.8Washington DC, DC$708k, 3.2Providence County, RI$509k, 1.4Kent County, MI$360k, 3.5Pasco County, FL$349k, 12.4Arapahoe County, CO$533k, 4.7Ocean County, NJ$524k, 3.7Bernalillo County, NM$364k, 2.4Jefferson County, AL$319k, 4.2Brevard County, FL$369k, 7.1Monmouth County, NJ$748k, 4.1Bucks County, PA$524k, 1.1Johnson County, KS$499k, 6.8Washington County, OR$588k, 3.8Volusia County, FL$349k, 3.3Douglas County, NE$334k, 6.7Anne Arundel County, MD$529k, 2.6Union County, NJ$719k, 3.1Bristol County, MA$553k, 1.8Dane County, WI$498k, 10.6New Castle County, DE$398k, 2.5Greenville County, SC$388k, 8.4Delaware County, PA$419k, 0.3Jefferson County, CO$673k, 1.7Baltimore city, MD$265k, 1.4Lancaster County, PA$384k, 2.0Guilford County, NC$323k, 5.6Spokane County, WA$444k, 5.4Stanislaus County, CA$486k, 2.7Chester County, PA$623k, 2.1Adams County, CO$499k, 4.8Plymouth County, MA$688k, 2.0Ada County, ID$561k, 10.0Ramsey County, MN$356k, 2.3Montgomery County, OH$237k, 2.3Pinal County, AZ$372k, 14.0Sedgwick County, KS$255k, 6.6Summit County, OH$239k, 0.8Camden County, NJ$374k, 1.6Clark County, WA$568k, 6.3Passaic County, NJ$633k, 1.2Kane County, IL$405k, 3.8Morris County, NJ$773k, 3.1Polk County, IA$304k, 6.8Knox County, TN$422k, 10.3Washoe County, NV$603k, 5.5Lake County, IN$298k, 2.6Prince William County, VA$616k, 2.6Richmond County, NY$760k, 1.4Seminole County, FL$424k, 4.0Sonoma County, CA$841k, 3.5Tulare County, CA$389k, 4.1Osceola County, FL$389k, 11.9Burlington County, NJ$429k, 3.6Sarasota County, FL$434k, 11.3York County, PA$316k, 2.6Manatee County, FL$449k, 23.7Onondaga County, NY$301k, 4.9Hampden County, MA$359k, 0.8Dakota County, MN$418k, 6.2East Baton Rouge Parish, LA$280k, 5.5Lake County, FL$384k, 9.8Solano County, CA$583k, 1.6Virginia Beach city, VA$439k, 1.4Loudoun County, VA$820k, 4.2Marion County, FL$283k, 12.8Placer County, CA$688k, 6.9Santa Barbara County, CA$1097k, 3.0Berks County, PA$319k, 1.4Charleston County, SC$668k, 7.7Richland County, SC$283k, 9.3Cameron County, TX$279k, 5.3Monterey County, CA$897k, 2.1Madison County, AL$344k, 9.5Hillsborough County, NH$548k, 1.6Jefferson Parish, LA$269k, 1.3Horry County, SC$329k, 14.8St. Charles County, MO$399k, 4.8Clackamas County, OR$650k, 2.6Lucas County, OH$197k, 0.7Brazoria County, TX$339k, 6.4Orange County, NY$473k, 4.1Waukesha County, WI$509k, 3.5Collier County, FL$633k, 7.8Mobile County, AL$253k, 2.9Pulaski County, AR$259k, 3.1St. Lucie County, FL$374k, 7.9Allen County, IN$285k, 3.6Bell County, TX$284k, 6.5Forsyth County, NC$314k, 7.1Genesee County, MI$248k, 1.1Butler County, OH$321k, 2.6Douglas County, CO$718k, 5.0Mercer County, NJ$491k, 2.4Chesterfield County, VA$439k, 6.7Hamilton County, TN$389k, 5.1Hamilton County, IN$483k, 14.5Rutherford County, TN$438k, 8.7Lehigh County, PA$405k, 1.9Anoka County, MN$379k, 1.8Lane County, OR$464k, 3.6Davis County, UT$543k, 5.6Spartanburg County, SC$294k, 11.1Weld County, CO$489k, 9.2Larimer County, CO$562k, 6.3Stark County, OH$249k, 1.8Galveston County, TX$353k, 6.9Washtenaw County, MI$438k, 4.3Orleans Parish, LA$349k, 2.3Rockland County, NY$793k, 1.6Somerset County, NJ$599k, 2.1Marion County, OR$464k, 5.0Nueces County, TX$274k, 4.1Westmoreland County, PA$258k, 1.1Durham County, NC$426k, 11.9St. Johns County, FL$517k, 9.7Henrico County, VA$417k, 5.0Howard County, MD$673k, 0.8Cumberland County, NC$262k, 2.2Lancaster County, NE$329k, 6.1Escambia County, FL$325k, 5.0Benton County, AR$398k, 17.4Luzerne County, PA$237k, 0.9Fayette County, KY$367k, 3.4Lubbock County, TX$254k, 8.1Boulder County, CO$785k, 6.8Northampton County, PA$374k, 2.5Rockingham County, NH$646k, 4.9Lorain County, OH$295k, 4.5Albany County, NY$381k, 1.7McHenry County, IL$374k, 4.3Lexington County, SC$301k, 6.0Cumberland County, ME$608k, 6.9Gloucester County, NJ$384k, 4.2Chatham County, GA$355k, 11.4Greene County, MO$274k, 3.6Ottawa County, MI$425k, 3.8York County, SC$444k, 10.8Hays County, TX$399k, 14.9Thurston County, WA$570k, 5.9Cleveland County, OK$264k, 2.1Frederick County, MD$514k, 3.4Dutchess County, NY$557k, 2.0Cherokee County, GA$475k, 5.0Leon County, FL$339k, 5.9Clayton County, GA$244k, 1.6Merced County, CA$426k, 1.8Dauphin County, PA$289k, 1.7Alachua County, FL$323k, 6.8Ingham County, MI$236k, 2.1Anchorage Municipality, AK$468k, 1.1Washington County, MN$448k, 5.7Winnebago County, IL$229k, 1.2Kitsap County, WA$598k, 4.8Forsyth County, GA$612k, 5.6San Luis Obispo County, CA$928k, 2.8Webb County, TX$250k, 4.0St. Tammany Parish, LA$325k, 3.9Atlantic County, NJ$418k, 2.4Weber County, UT$449k, 5.4St. Louis city, MO$264k, 1.1Buncombe County, NC$494k, 12.1Cumberland County, PA$369k, 3.4Sussex County, DE$471k, 12.9Brown County, WI$384k, 5.6Canyon County, ID$429k, 13.3Berkeley County, SC$400k, 9.9St. Joseph County, IN$264k, 3.4Williamson County, TN$997k, 6.0McLennan County, TX$289k, 5.0Washington County, AR$374k, 13.4Baldwin County, AL$404k, 12.5Union County, NC$499k, 9.6Harford County, MD$414k, 3.1Erie County, PA$214k, 0.6Clay County, MO$343k, 0.9Henry County, GA$334k, 8.1Kalamazoo County, MI$289k, 1.7Madison County, IL$229k, 1.9Yakima County, WA$388k, 2.5Santa Cruz County, CA$1097k, 3.1Lafayette Parish, LA$252k, 5.7Warren County, OH$414k, 5.8Johnston County, NC$359k, 11.6Chesapeake city, VA$449k, 5.8Jefferson County, TX$249k, 1.1Marin County, CA$1623k, 0.6Yavapai County, AZ$502k, 5.2Smith County, TX$322k, 2.3St. Clair County, IL$239k, 1.6Montgomery County, TN$330k, 9.9Cabarrus County, NC$401k, 6.2Brazos County, TX$333k, 13.2Gaston County, NC$342k, 9.5New Hanover County, NC$479k, 9.6Arlington County, VA$873k, 11.7Delaware County, OH$533k, 8.4Tuscaloosa County, AL$309k, 2.4Saratoga County, NY$509k, 4.2Ellis County, TX$415k, 12.0Clay County, FL$349k, 6.1Shelby County, AL$374k, 5.6Richmond city, VA$471k, 11.4Whatcom County, WA$629k, 4.6Barnstable County, MA$733k, 2.2Jefferson County, MO$305k, 2.8Lake County, OH$248k, 1.7Linn County, IA$259k, 3.9Norfolk city, VA$344k, 2.1Dona Ana County, NM$324k, 3.4Mohave County, AZ$357k, 4.2Hall County, GA$401k, 7.8Oneida County, NY$241k, 1.1Montgomery County, AL$240k, 2.3Mahoning County, OH$209k, 0.8Yuma County, AZ$314k, 5.3Yolo County, CA$618k, 2.8Caddo Parish, LA$224k, 1.4York County, ME$526k, 6.2Okaloosa County, FL$378k, 5.8Jackson County, OR$462k, 4.4Benton County, WA$457k, 7.0Hernando County, FL$334k, 8.7Anderson County, SC$334k, 7.2Johnson County, TX$335k, 9.9Charlotte County, FL$339k, 14.8Onslow County, NC$314k, 8.7Harrison County, MS$270k, 10.0Clermont County, OH$358k, 9.3Lackawanna County, PA$259k, 1.2Sumner County, TN$508k, 6.7Washington County, UT$533k, 13.9Deschutes County, OR$663k, 11.2Minnehaha County, SD$334k, 11.3Hinds County, MS$207k, 1.8Iredell County, NC$399k, 6.4Santa Rosa County, FL$366k, 9.7Washington County, PA$321k, 1.8Hawaii County, HI$581k, 5.0Champaign County, IL$277k, 9.4Kaufman County, TX$309k, 5.6Butte County, CA$433k, 4.5Comal County, TX$438k, 10.7Niagara County, NY$249k, 1.1Elkhart County, IN$293k, 2.1Calcasieu Parish, LA$249k, 2.9Sarpy County, NE$396k, 9.8Richmond County, GA$218k, 2.6Bay County, FL$361k, 9.1Beaufort County, SC$595k, 4.6Muscogee County, GA$269k, 1.3Cass County, ND$349k, 5.0Guadalupe County, TX$303k, 7.7St. Louis County, MN$309k, 2.7Butler County, PA$399k, 5.3Trumbull County, OH$184k, 0.6Racine County, WI$333k, 3.2DeSoto County, MS$336k, 4.5Livingston County, MI$424k, 3.1Outagamie County, WI$365k, 5.9Broome County, NY$214k, 1.4Kent County, DE$355k, 7.0Sangamon County, IL$244k, 1.0Hendricks County, IN$364k, 7.3El Dorado County, CA$643k, 2.4Kootenai County, ID$623k, 10.2Boone County, MO$339k, 5.2Paulding County, GA$374k, 7.6Tippecanoe County, IN$319k, 9.2Lee County, AL$377k, 12.6Midland County, TX$374k, 4.6Saginaw County, MI$196k, 0.9Canadian County, OK$276k, 1.8Alamance County, NC$329k, 10.3Licking County, OH$356k, 0.9Medina County, OH$394k, 2.4Parker County, TX$474k, 1.9Ulster County, NY$450k, 3.4Newport News city, VA$324k, 0.5Pitt County, NC$292k, 9.7Vanderburgh County, IN$231k, 2.3Shasta County, CA$379k, 0.8Aiken County, SC$314k, 8.5Imperial County, CA$416k, 1.2Davidson County, NC$325k, 6.8Shawnee County, KS$219k, 2.3Peoria County, IL$194k, 0.4Dorchester County, SC$389k, 8.7Houston County, GA$306k, 6.7Muskegon County, MI$274k, 2.1Carroll County, MD$512k, 1.2Charles County, MD$443k, 3.7Porter County, IN$349k, 3.1Kenton County, KY$292k, 3.8Scott County, IA$269k, 2.4Wilson County, TN$529k, 10.2Brunswick County, NC$399k, 28.8Greene County, OH$324k, 3.1Johnson County, IN$337k, 6.5Winnebago County, WI$304k, 5.8Kent County, RI$469k, 3.4Indian River County, FL$374k, 2.6Median sale price, June 2026Permits per 1,000 residents, trailing 12 months
Counties above 50,000 residents with a published June 2026 median sale price — 1,002 of them, the 400 most populous shown. Sources: Census Building Permits Survey; Data provided by Redfin, a national real estate brokerage.

324 counties are above both medians — expensive and building. 177 are expensive and not building, which is the combination that turns a housing shortage into a durable one: demand has already been expressed in price, and the permit record shows no supply arriving to answer it. 177 counties are affordable and building anyway — mostly exurban land markets where construction is cheap rather than places where demand is intense.

#CountyMedian pricePrice y/yPermits/1,000Permits y/ySold
1Arlington County, VA$872,538+12.6%11.69+413.9%236
2Onondaga County, NY$300,901+8.8%4.89+308.2%340
3Champaign County, IL$277,218+13.2%9.36+191.1%254
4Queens County, NY$757,862+1.2%3.08+144.9%778
5Taylor County, TX$290,131+20.9%11.91+119.9%252
6Chesapeake city, VA$448,734+4.4%5.78+116.4%430
7Montgomery County, MD$678,087+5.1%2.42+116.1%1,109
8Ramsey County, MN$356,345+1.8%2.27+113.2%692
9Olmsted County, MN$382,346+3.2%7.94+112.2%298
10Davis County, UT$543,467+2.5%5.64+104.1%340
11Denver County, CO$624,239+1.5%8.97+101.5%943
12Outagamie County, WI$364,970+13.7%5.94+101.0%246
13Hamilton County, OH$298,159+2.8%2.02+96.5%1,041
14Alameda County, CA$1,126,821+0.9%2.06+91.4%1,080
15New Castle County, DE$397,877+2.0%2.45+89.9%593
16Rowan County, NC$314,114+12.2%8.63+82.7%213
17Stanislaus County, CA$485,630+1.2%2.66+80.8%389
18Sonoma County, CA$841,350+2.0%3.46+73.6%453
19Philadelphia County, PA$314,114+8.3%2.87+69.6%1,420
20Carroll County, GA$314,114+8.0%11.55+69.1%163
21Pierce County, WA$598,312+3.2%6.15+67.4%1,123
22Pinellas County, FL$413,832+3.5%4.11+66.3%1,687
23Orange County, NC$635,706+12.5%6.89+65.3%178
24Jackson County, MS$269,240+9.4%5.86+60.8%179
25Johnson County, KS$498,593+2.8%6.81+59.9%1,118
26Cuyahoga County, OH$249,297+5.2%1.57+59.5%1,563
27Providence County, RI$508,565+6.0%1.41+56.8%659
28Winnebago County, WI$304,142+2.4%5.82+50.4%209
29Clermont County, OH$358,439+5.6%9.27+50.1%279
30Jefferson County, AL$319,050+9.3%4.18+45.3%792
Counties where prices rose and permitting rose with them — supply answering demand. Requires 500+ units in both trailing-year windows and 50+ sales in both months compared. Sources: Census Building Permits Survey; Data provided by Redfin, a national real estate brokerage.

10Prices up, permitting down

The inverse list is the one worth watching. These are counties where the median sale price rose over the year and the permit pipeline contracted — cost going one way, supply going the other.

#CountyMedian pricePrice y/yPermits y/yPermits 12moPer 1,000Days on mkt
1Sumner County, TN$508,465+13.0%−51.7%1,4476.7166
2Mohave County, AZ$356,993+2.3%−61.3%9614.2146
3Baltimore city, MD$265,252+9.4%−51.4%8001.4039
4Loudon County, TN$610,777+12.7%−43.8%5158.0873
5Barnstable County, MA$732,932+4.7%−51.1%5052.1623
6Beaufort County, SC$595,385+8.1%−45.9%9414.6067
7Washington County, TN$381,424+11.6%−41.8%6564.6553
8Union County, OH$467,681+2.8%−50.3%7259.8748
9Mecklenburg County, NC$468,578+0.8%−51.3%5,0254.0748
10Fairfield County, OH$368,959+3.9%−47.7%6163.6340
11Monroe County, IN$331,066+0.3%−50.4%5543.8656
12Milwaukee County, WI$306,136+3.8%−44.6%7640.8338
13Ocean County, NJ$523,523+10.2%−36.9%2,4723.6724
14Sandoval County, NM$425,051+7.1%−39.9%8325.2154
15Rockwall County, TX$474,696+12.4%−34.3%1,3989.9375
16St. Johns County, FL$516,543+5.4%−40.6%3,3739.7476
17Cook County, IL$398,875+6.4%−38.3%4,3890.8447
18Lancaster County, PA$383,917+6.6%−37.4%1,1031.967
19Burnet County, TX$443,748+11.2%−31.9%71112.4796
20Pennington County, SD$376,438+4.0%−38.7%6315.4065
21Solano County, CA$583,354+3.1%−39.1%7241.5938
22Middlesex County, NJ$598,312+7.0%−34.2%1,4561.6563
23Mercer County, NJ$490,616+3.3%−37.7%9752.4435
24Coweta County, GA$443,748+5.7%−34.0%5893.6853
25Aiken County, SC$314,114+6.5%−32.9%1,5358.4655
26Albany County, NY$381,424+12.2%−26.3%5331.666
27Calcasieu Parish, LA$249,297+10.8%−26.2%5972.8664
28Frederick County, MD$513,551+4.4%−31.7%1,0253.3836
29Chelan County, WA$625,735+10.5%−25.6%5656.9022
30Bexar County, TX$309,128+2.0%−34.0%5,2462.4360
Counties with rising prices and falling permit volume, ranked by the gap between the two. Same floors as the previous table. Sources: Census Building Permits Survey; Data provided by Redfin, a national real estate brokerage.

Sumner County, TN leads it: the median sale price rose 13.0% over the year while trailing-year permitting fell 51.7%. A single year of this is noise — land deals close in lumps, and one large project entering or leaving a twelve-month window moves a mid-sized county. A second consecutive year of it is a constraint, and this table exists so that the second year is visible when it arrives.

11Where inventory is building

The opposite risk is oversupply: months of supply climbing while permitting still accelerates. Months of supply is inventory divided by the current sales pace — how long it would take to clear the listed stock if nothing new arrived. When it rises and the permit pipeline rises with it, the next cycle's overhang is being built now.

#CountyMonths supplyvs year agoDays on mktvs year agoPermits y/yPermits 12mo
1Brazos County, TX4.7+1.5 mo.40−1.0 days+61.3%3,286
2Florence County, SC5.2+1.4 mo.78+5.0 days+16.2%733
3Frederick County, VA3.7+1.3 mo.40−7.0 days+1.0%708
4Philadelphia County, PA4.2+0.8 mo.48+5.0 days+69.6%4,515
5Chittenden County, VT3.0+0.8 mo.10−7.0 days+77.1%1,004
6Champaign County, IL2.6+0.7 mo.46+6.0 days+191.1%1,965
7Wayne County, NC3.6+0.7 mo.71+40.0 days+2.2%892
8Shelby County, TN4.6+0.7 mo.30+2.0 days+18.8%1,628
9Madison County, KY3.2+0.6 mo.52+2.0 days+25.3%659
10Jackson County, MS3.4+0.6 mo.37−8.0 days+60.8%865
11Moore County, NC3.5+0.6 mo.66+39.0 days+3.9%1,003
12Jefferson County, AL4.0+0.6 mo.49−1.0 days+45.3%2,781
13Yuma County, AZ4.5+0.6 mo.84+16.0 days+4.5%1,196
14Douglas County, GA4.8+0.5 mo.56−11.0 days+6.7%701
15Erie County, NY2.2+0.5 mo.100.0 days+24.3%1,172
16King County, WA2.8+0.5 mo.13+3.0 days+39.3%11,349
17Thurston County, WA2.7+0.5 mo.18+6.0 days+19.4%1,788
18Yakima County, WA3.3+0.5 mo.31+1.0 days+1.6%642
19Suffolk County, MA3.7+0.4 mo.220.0 days+13.0%2,337
20Orange County, NY4.4+0.4 mo.37+2.0 days+15.6%1,726
21Harnett County, NC4.0+0.4 mo.65+8.0 days+35.3%2,063
22Clermont County, OH2.6+0.4 mo.43+1.0 days+50.1%2,012
23Richland County, SC2.7+0.4 mo.39+5.0 days+38.4%4,054
24Spartanburg County, SC3.7+0.4 mo.62+2.0 days+22.8%4,232
25Arlington County, VA2.6+0.4 mo.32−3.0 days+413.9%2,852
Counties adding months of supply while permitting still grows, ranked by the increase in months of supply. Sources: Census Building Permits Survey; Data provided by Redfin, a national real estate brokerage.

Note. Months of supply and days on market are reported here as changes in levels (months, days) rather than as percentages. Redfin publishes a year-over-year column for days on market that is mislabelled upstream — it is a day-count difference multiplied by a hundred, not a percentage — so this report never reads it and computes every change from the published levels instead.

Appendix: state supply and market conditions

One row per state, pairing the permit pipeline with what the state's housing market is doing. The market columns are sums and a sales-weighted share, never a pooled median — so “counties where price rose” is a count of counties, which is a statement this data can support, and there is no state median sale price, which is one it cannot.

#StatePermits 12moPermits y/yPer 1,000Homes soldSold y/yFor saleFor sale y/yAbove listCounties w/ price up
1Texas (TX)193,634−13.4%6.1132,740+5.1%150,711−4.5%10.8%87 of 167
2Florida (FL)157,984−8.8%6.7336,461+15.7%161,323−11.6%9.0%31 of 65
3California (CA)110,772+12.9%2.8127,738+13.0%83,617−8.4%36.5%32 of 56
4North Carolina (NC)86,578−2.2%7.7315,739+10.2%58,377+13.1%16.4%58 of 97
5Georgia (GA)60,146−2.8%5.3213,037+0.5%52,293−4.0%16.0%64 of 125
6New York (NY)47,895+35.4%2.3911,340+0.3%42,302+2.3%46.0%50 of 62
7South Carolina (SC)46,376+1.0%8.339,488+10.2%34,612+0.6%12.7%28 of 44
8Arizona (AZ)45,514−14.8%5.979,846+12.1%37,110−3.3%11.8%10 of 14
9Tennessee (TN)41,652−6.8%5.699,843+7.2%42,725+9.3%14.3%63 of 94
10Washington (WA)39,766+13.3%4.979,294+5.9%27,984+12.8%26.0%16 of 38
11Virginia (VA)35,871+5.7%4.0411,784+8.1%26,276+6.7%34.8%76 of 126
12Colorado (CO)34,023+6.8%5.668,896+5.6%33,598−1.2%17.9%28 of 49
13Ohio (OH)32,124−1.3%2.7013,894+8.8%32,699+9.0%35.3%56 of 88
14New Jersey (NJ)31,859−8.3%3.349,077+7.6%25,346+9.1%52.5%19 of 21
15Indiana (IN)27,651−8.9%3.979,270+12.7%19,187+2.3%21.3%61 of 90
16Utah (UT)26,587+11.3%7.513,823+6.8%15,988+5.3%17.3%16 of 25
17Wisconsin (WI)25,487+5.5%4.277,894+11.7%18,326+7.8%45.1%46 of 71
18Pennsylvania (PA)25,468+0.8%1.9513,690+6.9%32,619+8.0%39.6%53 of 65
19Michigan (MI)22,926−0.4%2.2612,524+4.6%29,940+8.7%37.0%55 of 82
20Minnesota (MN)22,469+5.7%3.858,677+11.7%18,261+9.5%35.9%48 of 82
21Alabama (AL)21,040+10.6%4.056,306+8.7%24,754+6.3%16.5%28 of 55
22Illinois (IL)18,681−10.0%1.4715,339+5.6%35,383+3.3%43.4%55 of 85
23Missouri (MO)18,008−1.3%2.878,445+8.5%20,945+4.2%26.9%68 of 102
24Idaho (ID)17,991−2.3%8.863,314+19.1%8,480−19.7%17.9%27 of 41
25Oregon (OR)15,628+15.0%3.665,089+14.6%16,708−4.6%25.1%14 of 31
26Arkansas (AR)15,516+4.0%4.983,867+7.4%15,068+6.0%11.5%28 of 56
27Nevada (NV)15,176−14.7%4.624,117+19.7%14,133−6.5%16.7%9 of 12
28Oklahoma (OK)14,776+4.0%3.585,118+17.9%16,271+0.6%17.1%35 of 61
29Louisiana (LA)14,378+3.1%3.114,116+4.2%16,312−9.7%10.5%32 of 52
30Kentucky (KY)13,657−6.3%2.964,821+9.9%13,980+13.1%18.8%58 of 89
31Massachusetts (MA)13,482+7.8%1.887,488+10.5%15,505+11.7%50.4%8 of 13
32Maryland (MD)13,335−12.0%2.137,195+5.8%19,590+14.0%37.1%18 of 24
33Iowa (IA)13,042−3.6%4.034,589+11.0%10,376+2.1%22.8%59 of 89
34Kansas (KS)12,026+24.6%4.043,691+11.4%6,770−6.3%28.1%30 of 47
35Nebraska (NE)10,400−7.3%5.152,318+1.8%3,949−14.7%39.3%17 of 32
36Mississippi (MS)8,670+12.7%2.932,274+5.8%8,910+11.6%8.4%26 of 48
37New Mexico (NM)7,556−9.3%3.551,942+9.3%6,381−7.8%11.6%11 of 19
38Maine (ME)6,817+6.6%4.821,918+12.2%6,687+3.5%31.2%9 of 16
39Connecticut (CT)6,478−3.7%1.764,106+10.4%7,676−3.2%63.4%6 of 8
40Delaware (DE)6,375−0.5%6.011,426+4.5%4,535+11.4%27.3%1 of 3
41South Dakota (SD)5,905−3.4%6.311,030+3.5%3,225−3.6%16.1%19 of 27
42Montana (MT)5,761+22.0%5.031,393+15.4%6,717+1.5%0.0%21 of 26
43New Hampshire (NH)5,062+14.6%3.582,069+16.0%5,195+15.3%46.4%7 of 10
44West Virginia (WV)4,0150.0%2.271,495+8.7%4,459−4.7%24.3%28 of 40
45Hawaii (HI)3,412−8.4%2.381,189+11.0%7,411+2.0%17.1%1 of 4
46Vermont (VT)2,283+5.3%3.54776+12.1%3,500+23.3%28.4%8 of 14
47North Dakota (ND)2,242−3.9%2.80918+18.0%2,193−1.0%14.3%11 of 18
48District of Columbia (DC)2,235+37.1%3.22681+6.2%3,169−2.3%24.1%0 of 1
49Rhode Island (RI)2,085+46.8%1.871,265+11.7%2,257−3.8%50.0%5 of 5
50Wyoming (WY)1,988−1.4%3.38739+11.5%2,524−6.5%6.4%13 of 19
51Alaska (AK)847−8.8%1.15843+12.6%1,971−2.6%34.3%6 of 7
Permits are trailing twelve months to Jul 2026; market columns are June 2026. Sortable. Sources: Census Building Permits Survey; Census Population Estimates (2025); Data provided by Redfin, a national real estate brokerage.

Method

What a permit is.The Census Bureau's Building Permits Survey counts housing units authorised by building permits in permit-issuing jurisdictions. A permit is not a start and not a completion: most authorised units begin construction, but not all do, and the lag between authorisation and delivery runs from months to years. This report is a supply pipeline measure, not a measure of housing delivered.

Coverage and windows. This edition covers July 2026. The published window differs by geography because the Bureau's own files do: 60 months for states (Aug 2021 to Jul 2026), 60 for counties, 29 for metropolitan areas (Mar 2024 onward — the Bureau began publishing CBSA files in January 2024), and 24 for municipalities. Any figure described as trailing-twelve-month uses exactly the twelve months ending Jul 2026; where a geography lacks a full prior twelve months, its year-over-year cell is left empty rather than computed against a short window.

Seasonality and revision.The sub-national files are not seasonally adjusted, so month-over-month movement mixes signal with season. Year-over-year comparisons are same-month, and the trailing-twelve-month window is used wherever a trend is claimed. The Bureau revises recent months as late reports arrive; this edition's refresh re-fetched the full eighteen-month window and found no revision to any month in the published series.

Imputation.Every permit figure here is the Bureau's published total, which includes its imputation for jurisdictions that did not report in time. The files also carry a reported-only series; this report does not use it, so the totals reconcile to the Bureau's own published tables rather than to a subset of them.

Structure classes.“Single-family” is the one-unit class. “Multifamily” and “not 1-unit” mean every unit in a structure of two or more, matching the share the Bureau's own records carry; where the text refers to buildings of five or more units, it says so explicitly, because the two definitions differ by several percentage points. Construction valuation is reported for the programme as a whole and is not split by structure class.

Cities.The place files contain a row for each county's unincorporated balance alongside each incorporated municipality. Those rows are about a third of place-level units and carry no name. Every city figure is index-joined against the published municipality list, which excludes them; a municipality spanning several counties is summed into one record. Municipal population comes from the permit record itself.

Rates. Permits per 1,000 residents uses trailing-twelve-month units over 2025 Census population estimates. Per-capita boards apply a 25,000-resident floor for counties and municipalities and 100,000 for metros: below that, one apartment building decides the ranking. Growth boards require 500 units in the trailing year, because a percentage change on a base of four is not a measurement.

Housing costs.Market data is Redfin's county-level monthly series for June 2026, at county grain — the only grain Redfin publishes. It runs 1 month behind the permit release, so every supply-against-price comparison is struck at June 2026, the most recent month both series publish, and both sides of each comparison use the same month. Values are Redfin's published levels; all changes are computed here from those levels rather than read from the export's own year-over-year columns, one of which is mislabelled upstream. Cells for county-months with fewer than three sales, or with prices outside a plausibility band, are absent — absent, and never treated as zero.

What this report will not do. It will not publish a state or metro median sale price. Redfin measures medians at county grain and a median of medians is not a median, so aggregate market context is built only from quantities that pool honestly: summed sales, listings and inventory, the sales-weighted share sold above list, and counts of counties moving in each direction. The supply-against-price join is restricted to counties above 50,000 residents with a published median, and ranked comparisons additionally require fifty sales in both months compared — 1,002 counties qualify, of 3,137 Redfin publishes.

Sources. U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey (state, county, metropolitan area and place files). U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025. Data provided by Redfin, a national real estate brokerage.

Note. This report is republished each month against the new release at the same address. Figures quoted from a prior edition may be restated here if the Bureau revised them; the Method section always describes the edition you are reading.